Blood Brothers Essay Example for Free

Blood Brothers Essay You are the director of a new production of blood brothers. Give advice to the actors playing the roles of Eddie and Mickey about how to tackle the age changes. You must comment on at least two scenes in detail. If you have seen a production of Blood Brothers you may also refer to this. In the scene when you both meet for the first time you must consider your body language. You must consider how an eight year old would walk and stand. An eight year old would have fewer worries than someone who is older than them so they would walk not really paying much attention to what is around them. You would also have to think how someone who is better off would walk compared to someone who is from a less well off background. You have got to consider how to use the tone of your voice. At first they were a bit shy. But after they first met you would have to consider how an eight year old would not be shy so they would say anything so say your lines so the audience have no clue to what you will say next. Another important factor to consider is the way you deliver your lines. You should deliver your lines in a free flowing way. When they are swearing you should not feel like people might be offended. In the scene when you Mickey and Eddie meet for the first time after they have both moved to the country you should pay attention to your body language. This time Eddie and Mickey are both 16 17 years olds. So you have to think about how a 16 17 year old would act. A 16 17 year old would have more problems than a person of 8 years old but still not as many as an older person. You still have to consider how a person who is better off would act compared to a person from the ghetto. Again you would have to consider the tone of your voice. You would expect a teenager to swear more and they may speak with a slight mumble. Again you should consider the way you deliver your lines. In the scene when Mickey is trying to kill Eddie you should again pay attention to your body language. This time Eddie and Mickey are both in theyre thirtys. Mickey is depressed and he has a lot of problems an example of which was that he was put in jail for his brother shooting someone. While Eddie on the other hand has few, because he has a successful business. Mickey has just realised that Eddie is seeing his girlfriend Linda. When Mickey is pointing the gun at Eddie, Eddie has to act scared because he fears for his life. Mickey is holding the gun so that he feels in control instead of having Eddie control his life. Mickey has to act confused because Eddie made his life; he gave him a job and a nice home. You again have to consider the tone of your voice. Mickey should say his lines in a sort of stuttery way. Eddie should deliver his lines in a scared voice, while Mickey should deliver his lines in a scared and confused way.

History Of The Intel Corporation :: essays research papers

History of The Intel Corporation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Intel Corporation is the largest manufacturer of computer devices in the world. In this research paper I will discuss where, ehrn, and how Intel was founded, the immediate effects that Intel made on the market, their marketing strategies, their competition, and finally, what Intel plans to do in the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Intel didn't just start out of thin air, it was created after Bob Noyce and Gordon Moore first founded Fairchild Semiconductor with six other colleagues. Fairchild Semiconductor was going pretty well for about ten years when Bob and Gordon decided to resign because they were tired of not being able to do things the way they wanted to; they proceeded to establish a new integrated cicuits electronics company. Gordon suggested that semiconductor memory looked promising enough to risk starting a new company. Intel was born.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Intel made quite an impact on the industry soon after it was founded. The sales revenues jumped enormously through Intel's International exspansion to many countries including Europe and the Phillipines in the early 70's. From 1969 to 1970 Intel's revenues went up by almost four-million dollars! Today, Intel is one of the biggest companies pulling in billions and billions of dollars each year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Intel has had many factors over the years that has allowed it to monopolize the computer industry thus resulting in small competition. First of all, Intel is almost 25 years ahead of it's competitors. Therefore, most companies are just starting out and have little or no effect on Intel's sales. Another reason is obviously Intel's reputation. They have built up such a standard of excellence that when someone hears the word Intel they think high- quality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Intel's popularity, reputation, and revenues are a direct result of their marketing strategies. Again, one of the most important factors that has made Intel so sucessful is their reputation that has been built up since they started. The Intel Inside program which was launced in May of 1991 was a promotional campaign that placed the Intel Inside Logo on all computers

Manage Risk Essay

First of all, the aim of business is increasing of income. They should consider how to maintain existing regular income and to increase new revenue by the expansion. When the business is expanded, they should have enough research and money. The expand looks dangerous. For the safety, they need life guards who are strong swimmers and helpers to control houseboat in high winds. It has many interceptive problems for the expansion like climate and noise. For the success, they need equip tent, beach parasol and soundproof walls. Before making an investment in the expansion, they should consider with the profitability. ASSESSMENT TOOL 2 In Australia, federal and state laws protect you, your business and your customers from unfair trading practices and mishandling of personal information. These laws, together with industry codes of practice, help to ensure that your business operates fairly and competitively and that all consumers are adequately informed and protected. In tort law, a duty of care is a legal obligation imposed on an individual requiring that they adhere to a standard of reasonable care while performing any acts that could foreseeably harm others. It is the first element that must be established to proceed with an action in negligence. The claimant must be able to show a duty of care imposed by law which the defendant has breached. In turn, breaching a duty may subject an individual to liability. The duty of care may be imposed by operation of law between individuals with no current direct relationship (familial or contractual or otherwise), but eventually become related in some manner, as defined by common law (meaning case law). Duty of care may be considered a formalization of the social contract, the implicit responsibilities held by individuals towards others within society. It is not a requirement that a duty of care be defined by law, though it will often develop through the jurisprudence of common law. Assessment tool 3: project Part1 Current risk management These are the three ways to control the risk of any loss: Insurance Loss prevention Contingency planning Nearly every warehouse operator has insurance. You need to recognize the significant differences in liability among logistics service providers, common carriers and wholesale distributors scope The place where raw material and/or finished goods are stored is referred to as warehouse or store. Generally, warehouse is structure or building design keeping in mind raw material and finished goods it is going to store. Therefore, warehouse management should be able to: Receive the purchase goods and entered upon the stock register. Inventory Accounting of raw material, work-in-progress or finished goods. Preservation of the inventory Ability to access goods whenever called upon. Appropriate record keeping through coding as to preserve goods and reduce obsolescence. Proper stocking of goods as ensure smooth handling. Political environment The political environment is a key component of the business environment that dictates greatly on the success of your home business. What happens in the politics of your country as well as that of other countries influences a lot your home business. Usually, the term political environment is used to refer to the nature of the political situation in the country where you are doing business or where you intend to do business. Economic climate A general characterization of the overall mood of the global economy or of a regional economy, which captures the status of the stock market, the perception of the economy by consumers, and the availability of jobs and credit. Business decisions such as hiring, borrowing, lending, and investment in new initiatives are often strongly influenced by the overall economic climate. Social Factors We all live in either a multicultural or self society so this means there are many factors that affect or direct our lifestyle. These factors are called social factors. some important social actors are: 1. Religion 2. Ethnicity 3. Family 4. Physical attributes 5. Economic Status 6. Education 7. Locality( Location) 8. Life Partner and children 9. Political System Legal factors Legal factors relate to new laws or directives governing how businesses behave. This can be in relation to other businesses, customers or the environment. For example, it is essential that all agricultural products are used safely. Syngenta seeks to meet and exceed the requirements of local and international laws for all the countries within which it operates. Policy context Climate change is a complex issue and responding to it requires the planner to navigate the rapidly evolving landscape of information, advice, policy and legislation. By providing context and background, this section of the toolkit will help you make informed decisions about developing and implementing policy in this area. Critical success factor (CSF) is the term for an element that is necessary for an organization or project to achieve its mission. It is a critical factor or activity required for ensuring the success of a company or an organization. The term was initially used in the world of data analysis, and business analysis. For example, a CSF for a successful Information Technology (IT) project is user involvement. Stakeholder 1. Accountable – some stakeholders are accountable for the success of the entire project or a particular phase of the project, generally they are the departmental or divisional managers or; 2. Responsible – some stakeholders are responsible for the deliverables, generally they have been charged by management to provide a definitive outcome from the project; or 3. Consultation – some stakeholders are used as consultants like an Subject Matter Expert (SME); or 4. Informed – some stakeholders need to be kept informed, generally management who needs to know where their investment dollars have ended up or external parties. Stakeholder Internal Stakeholders Board members Former board members Staff members Former staff members Volunteers Former Volunteers Donors External Stakeholders Clients Community partners Members of groups served by our organization who are not accessing our services Leaders of color from nonprofit, public, or private sectors Stakeholders do not need to know everything about the technology or even the application. A high level overview with the understanding of what is being  delivered is sufficient. What stakeholders need to provide is a positive energy charge to lead the organisation through this project. Working with such stakeholders will provide the project with a boost of confidence knowing that the stakeholders are enthusiastic about this project. Given the right stakeholders in any given project, the success rate of the project will be much better than having stakeholders with judgemental bias whereby these stakeholders will reflect inappropriate reasoning compared with best practises as provided by the implementation team. This is a crucial step in applying the risk management process. Like many aspects of risk management, the identification of significant risks is often subjective and reliant on personal experience and judgement. For this reason, several heads will be found to be better than one during this phase of the process. It is therefore important that relevant operational staff be closely involved in identifying and/or confirming significant risks under each source category. PART 2 STRENGTHS The strengths listed below were identified in the business: The managing member of the business is committed, dedicated and passionate about providing warehousing and distribution services. The creditworthiness of the business owner The knowledge and skills demonstrated by the member The business has done a study of the market and identified potential customers for their business WEAKNESSES The identified weaknesses for ExpressX Warehousing and Distribution (Transportation) Services are as follows: The lack of highly specialized warehousing and distribution expertise within the business The lack of funding to source highly specialized technology is a weakness for the business The lack of a comprehensive marketing plan and strategy is another weakness The small workforce capacity may result in the business loosing out on lucrative warehousing and distribution opportunities OPPORTUNITIES There are numerous opportunities for the business in terms of Government assistance. The business is open to assistance from agencies such as Small Enterprise Development Agency, The National Youth Development Agency and many others Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment presents great opportunities for ExpressX Warehousing and Distribution Services There are opportunities for South Africans to export products. This may bring about a market for warehousing services as some goods need to be stored in a reliable warehouse prior to being exported The opportunity presented by SETA could open better avenues for learnership and development in the business Other opportunities include the growth in middle income groups as well as the increase in double income families THREATS There is a threat from well established competitors that have a solid goodwill The threat attributable to changes in the preferences and tastes of consumers The threat from substitute services The threat from new entrants as the barriers of entry are not too cumbersome Risks Description Mitigation of risks Finance risk The financial risk is observed from the fact that the contribution to be made the owner is considerably less as compared to the required outside borrowings that are to be sourced from banks in form of a loan. The business owner will retain at least 60% of the profits into the business. This will be done in the first year of operations so as to mitigate the risk within the short term. Market risk The market features well established competitors and therefore ExpressX Warehousing and Distribution (Transportation) Services will have to compete for market share. The market risk may also surface from the fact that most manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers and other parties likely to utilize warehousing services already have in house warehouses and handle their own distribution. The business will seek assistance from small business support agencies such as the National Youth Development Agency for assistance with a comprehensive marketing plan and strategy. The marketing plan and strategy will help the business compete with greater strength and position it to attain a greater customer satisfaction rate. Human resource risk In terms of human resource, the risk may be a result of the business not being able to recruit the right employees and retain quality employees. High quality employees may prove to be costly to retain. The human resource risk will be mitigated by actively pursuing learnership and development activities. The business will seek assistance from SEDA for skills development. Operational risk The business might have capacity and equipment constraints as some goods for storage require special storage facilities. There may also be a risk of not being as efficient and effective due to lack of advanced logistics software and other technologies. The business will in the initial stages focus on storing merchandise that does not require specials storage facilities and then pursue advanced storage facilities at a later stage. The business will strive to source affordable support technologies. Part 3 What are the hazards? Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What further action is necessary? Slips, trips and falls All staff may suffer sprains or fractures if they trip over debris or slip on spillages. Flooring kept dry and quality maintained. All staff trained to maintain good housekeeping standards and ensure stock does not project into gangways. Cleaner empties bins and removes loose debris daily. Pallets stored safely in designated area. Protective non-slip footwear supplied and worn. Suitable absorber to be made available for liquid spills. Staff to be trained to clean and dry any spillages immediately. Extra bins to be provided for waste material near loading bays. Operation of lift trucks Injuries such as fractures or, at worst, fatalities can be caused as a result of: the vehicle crashing into other vehicles and/or other objects; staff and visitors being hit by lift trucks; objects falling from lift trucks onto staff and visitors; lift trucks toppling over; people falling from the vehicle or parts of the vehicle; and being crushed by the mast All operators trained and competent for use of the lift truck. Trucks serviced regularly and examined by suppliers every six months. Drivers instructed to keep keys with them at all times System in place for refresher training of drivers. Gangways and aisles of sufficient space to enable lift trucks to load and unload from the racking safely. System in place to keep vehicles and pedestrians separated. Access to warehouse restricted to staff. Floor condition maintained on a regular basis, housekeeping standards maintained by cleaner and workforce. Warning signs located around the traffic route. Trucks have seat belts and roll cages. Supervisor to ensure truck drivers check trucks each day before starting. Separate pedestrian entrance(s) with protective barrier rail to be provided next to roller-shutter doors. Housekeeping standards and floor condition to be covered by a monthly inspection by manager and brief record kept. Strict requirement that only competent drivers may operate lift trucks to be explained to all staff. Disciplinary action to be taken against anyone involved in breaking this rule. Falling objects From racking and during movement A member of staff or any other person in the warehouse may suffer serious injury if struck by a falling object Racking is designed to be suitable for the loads carried and has not been modified. Staff report any damage to racking immediately. System in place to make sure defective pallets withdrawn from use immediately. Protective footwear used by all entering warehouse. Protective gloves provided to handle pallets. Sign fixed to racking stating maximum loads/configuration. Hazardous substances Vehicle exhaust fumes The fumes may cause staff eye irritation and respiratory irritation. Number of vehicles delivering materials is relatively low and exposure very limited; this prevents build-up of fumes. Drivers not allowed to leave vehicles’ engines running in warehouse. Roller shutter doors and warehouse windows open, where practicable, to assist ventilation. No further action required. Bleach and cleaning fluids Direct skin contact could lead to the cleaner getting skin irritation. The vapour may cause the cleaner to have eye irritation or breathing difficulties Cleaner made aware of safe procedures. Rubber gloves used. First-aid facilities (including eye wash) are readily available. Investigate availability of safer alternatives for cleaner. Recharging of forklift truck batteries – potential explosion by release of hydrogen, spillage of acid Burns or fractures from material ejected could affect any worker nearby at the time Batteries charged in designated bay that is well ventilated. Safe system of work used which includes provision and use of goggles and gloves. Potential sources of ignition controlled. Supervisor to monitor and ensure protective equipment is being worn. Falls from height Staff could suffer severe or even fatal injuries if they fell whilst climbing racking All staff are given strict instructions never to climb racking – monitored by supervisors Part 4 Suitable absorber to be made available for liquid spills. Staff to be trained to clean and dry any spillages immediately. Extra bins to be provided for waste material near loading bays. Supervisor to ensure truck drivers check trucks each day before starting. Separate pedestrian entrance(s) with protective barrier rail to be provided next to roller-shutter doors. Housekeeping standards and floor condition to be covered by a monthly inspection by manager and brief record kept. Strict requirement that only competent drivers may operate lift trucks to be explained to all staff. Disciplinary action to be taken against anyone involved in breaking this rule. Sign fixed to racking stating maximum loads/configuration To identify the hazards The manager then wrote down who could be harmed by the hazards and how. For each hazard identified, the manager recorded what controls, if any, were in place to manage these. She then compared these controls to the good practice guidance laid out in Warehousing and storage: A guide to health and safety and Essentials of health and safety at work publications. Where existing controls did not meet good practice, the manager wrote down what further actions were needed to manage the risk. Putting the findings of the risk assessment into practice, the warehouse manager decided who was responsible for implementing the further actions and when it should be done. She wrote this down and when each action was completed it was ticked off and the date recorded. The warehouse manager discussed the findings with the safety representative. They decided to review and update the assessment at least annually, or at any time when major changes to the workplace occurred. The warehouse manager gave out copies of the risk assessment to all members of staff.

Your brand advocates - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 512 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Business Essay Level High school Tags: Walmart Essay Did you like this example? To spread the news about the sustainability policies to reach the younger generation they can use the following measures: Use of brand advocates: The best advocates are people who love your brand, this will increase brand image and encourage word of mouth publicity. They can create brand advocates in different cities and states who discuss their services, products and talk good about them. They can start a two-way communication and influence millions of consumers who are active on social media and have followers. These brand advocates can be offered special discounts and coffee treats by you. They are the best to start discussion on your sustainable initiatives. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Your brand advocates" essay for you Create order Advantages: The youth who are almost always online will connect with your brand immediately and you will start getting millions of followers and responses immediately. Disadvantages: The youth and stories change very fast the content will have to be carefully reviewed to avoid boredom and creating a negative image. The storyline should be constant and continuous. Cross-Channel campaigns: These campaigns should be engaging, humorous and engage consumers across all social media channels. It can be linked to a social media page and a link can land on your website. The consumers should be involved with engaging stories and additional emotional connect. The page should be happening with innovative subjects and hashtags to make it trendy and liked. It should focus on the sustainable policies organized and planned by Wal-Mart. Advantages: The youth will take to commenting, sharing and liking immediately, tagging will also start. Your policies will become known and create a positive brand image instantly if the storyline or initiatives are liked. Disadvantages: Again the youth need continuous flow of information and the initiatives or their details need to be updated almost 5 times in a week. The storyline and engaging of consumers has to be constant process. The fear of spamming and negative comments needs to be carefully addressed. Go live with your story: Your brand has its own unique story; you can live stream it on many social media sites. The youth like to be involved and know about such stories. You can engage and inspire your customers. You can inform them about your sustainable policies and create an image of a company which takes CSR activities very seriously. The content should be shareable and create memories. Advantages: Live streaming can give a instant information to your consumers of your policies. The live streaming and the storyline connect with the youth instantly. Disadvantages: There could be spamming and abuse which has to be immediately reviewed. The negative feedback and comments have to be frequently reviewed or suitably handled. The cases of cyberbullying and hacking have to be taken care regularly. The above strategies build a storyline around the brand Wal-Mart and add value to its image with an informal discussion, chatting, engaging and updating consumers on their positive sustainable policies. The initiatives taken by the brand will be brought to their notice without making it sound like news or an article. It will also encourage feedback and generate information on future initiatives planned.

Mind Tools - Time Management - 5739 Words

Time Management Skills - Maximise your effectiveness This Mind Tools section shows you how to use personal time management skills. These are some of the most important career skills that you can learn. Time Management skills are essential for successful people - these are the practical techniques which have helped the leading people in business, sport and public service reach the pinnacles of their careers. The skills explained in the articles below help you to become reliable and effective and show you how to identify and focus on the activities that give you the greatest returns. The section finishes by explaining goal-setting, which is a vitally important skill for achieving what you want to achieve with your life. While you†¦show more content†¦It is up to you over time to minimize this. Concentrating on your strengths It is also important to know what your talents and weaknesses are. A good way of doing this is to carry out a SWOT analysis. This provides a formal approach to evaluating your strengths and weaknesses, and the opportunities and threats that you face. It makes a lot of sense to find a job that suits your strengths, and where your weaknesses do not matter. Understanding how to be excellent at your job One excellent way of ensuring that you concentrate on the right things is to agree them with your employer! You should ask the following questions: What is the purpose of the job? If possible, express this in a single sentence starting with the word To - for example To ensure effective distribution in the South East... What are the measures of success? Work out how your employer will decide whether you are good at your job or not. Find out what the key targets to be achieved are, and how achievement will be measured. What is exceptional performance? Find out what this is considered to be, and work out how to achieve it. What are the priorities and deadlines? You need to know this so that when you are overloaded with work, you know what to focus on. What resources are available? This ensures that you are using all the tools at your command. What costs are acceptable? This lets you know the boundaries within which you can move. How does this relate to otherShow MoreRelatedChallenges Facing Current Pool Of Engineers1508 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinition of the strengths and opportunities including the analysis of the weaknesses amidst the strengths is an approach that will enable engineering manager to stand a better chance to avert looming issues. Amidst all the challenges, engineering the management process is the solution that will offer long lasting, reliable solutions. The current drivers for change are the new technologies, social demands and economic trends, which influence innovation and progress. 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The Hunger Games A Perfect Government - 3112 Words

The role of government The government’s role for the people is to challenge them like how contestants from â€Å"The Amazing Race† or â€Å"Fear Factor† are challenged. Government should be like a reality competition show filled with adventure and danger (Amazing Race, 2003) (Fear Factor, 2005). Just like the government in â€Å"The Hunger Games† (Collins, 2008). People should compete for rights and liberties. The competitions can be held under the government’s supervision. These competitions can involve multiple life daring tasks and only the ones that survive win. The losers or the ones not so fortunate die in the process, a true fight to the death. Government works from a federal standpoint and does not get involved in local affairs. Local affairs†¦show more content†¦Another way to represent in government is if one is chosen as a cabinet member of the president.. They will have to represents the presidents coalitions and policies to all Local Nations under th e government. Government will be base on the overall ideals of keeping the people from rebelling by supplying them with basics of safety, living, education and healthcare. The people under this form of government will only be able to survive on the aid provided by the government. The games will determine the representation and the rule of the government. The overall well being of the people will decent but they will have to endure a test every year in order to get their part in government. â€Å"May the Odds be Ever in Your Favor† (Collins, 2008). Every person has to defend themselves and create a strong alliance. They need to work strategically and be intuitive of their surroundings. Currency financial issues Everyone in the country will be residing in what is called â€Å"Local Nations†. These Local Nations are set by the citizen’s income levels. So, citizens with lower income levels will be in different Local Nations than citizens who have higher income levels. 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The Hunger Games, by Suzanne Collins, is a prime byproduct of More’s utopia. However, the key difference between both novels is the intended creation of a utopia or dystopia. Collins understood that her text portrayed a true dystopia whereas More believed his world to be a utopia. Throughout each text, there are numerous comparisons between both societies whi ch makes the reader ponder how similar and different the two worlds are. In the novel, The Hunger Games, the settingRead MoreThe Hunger Games : A Hero s Journey847 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom some evil source. The Hunger Games has the same plot as other hero films, but takes a complete turn on the actor encompassing the hero. The hero in this film is a Katniss Everdeen, a poor girl from a dystopian society. In this film Katniss volunteers for her sister to be in the Hunger Games, which is an event where individuals are thrown into an arena where people from twelve districts fight each other to the death for entertainment. Katniss must win the hunger games and make it back to her familyRead MoreJust How Bad Can Living Under a Totalitarian Government Be? (Hunger Games Comparison)1528 Words   |  7 PagesJust How Bad Can Living under a Totalitarian Government Be? Does the government control everything? Maybe not as much in Canada, however in other societies like Nazi Germany and even in Panem from the book â€Å"The Hunger Games† written by â€Å"Suzanne Collins†, they definitely do. This could also be known as a totalitarian government. These places take to extreme the punishment, violence and unfairness. Although, the government in the Hunger Games is set in a futuristic theme it is still alike toRead MoreHe Heroic Journey : Katniss Everdeen848 Words   |  4 Pagessame plot. A man gets a call, goes on a journey, gets in a battle or two, and saves a helpless woman from some evil source. The Hunger Games has the exact plot but takes a complete turn regarding the hero in the film. The hero in this film is a Katniss Everdeen, a poor girl from a dystopian society. In this film Katniss volunteers for her sister to be in the Hunger Games, which is an event where individuals are thrown into an arena where people from twelve di stricts fight each other to the death forRead MoreUtopia:The Flawed Pursuit for Perfection1000 Words   |  4 PagesPerfect societies have long been discussed and debated, prominent in the works of many great philosophers such as Plato and Thomas More. It wasn’t until the 16th century however, that a formal name was to be attributed to this unattainable perfection - a utopia. As a result, utopias and their opposite, dystopias have become prominent in modern works and form the basis for this analysis in William Golding’s The Lord of the Flies and Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games. Through their most recognisedRead MoreThe Hunger Games By Suzanne Collins878 Words   |  4 PagesThe motion picture The Hunger Games, which premiered in 2012 was a book first published in 2009, written by Suzanne Collins. Usually film adaptations of a book usually are worse then the book itself. The Hunger Games was no exception. If someone did not read the book, they should expect to be very confused during the movie. The movie left a lot of important parts out and did not explain why things were the way they were. Putting the gaps in the storyline aside, the acting portrayed from Jennifer

Qualitative Analysis Free Essays

Qualitative Analysis 1. Abstract Qualitative Analysis helps to analysis the ionic compounds ( cations and anions) which are presented in a salt (solid and in a solution). The experimental procedures show the identity of the substance but not the amount of the present agents. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. Introduction The construction of ionic salt is based on a certain cation and a certain anion. To get to know the two different agents of the salt, the anions and cations has to be separated. For the separation the ionic salt has to be destroyed by chemical reaction to get the single elements and compounds. A physical reaction can only change the conditions of the salt ( solid or fluid) but not the structure of the educt. Every element and compound has characteristic reactions where the identity can be figured out by analyzing the out coming educt by its color, its odor, its precipitation and its solubility. The following experiment is separated in two parts. In the first part of the experiment, it has to be shown the different characteristic reaction with the cations (Na+, K+,NH4+,Mg2+,Cu2+,Ag+,Ba2+,Sr2+) and the anions ( Cl-, Br-, CO32-, SO42-, F-). In the following part there was an unknown ionic salt to analyze which is built out of one cation and one anion from above. 3. Materials and Methods 1. Materials †¢ Test tubes †¢ Bunsen Burner †¢ Test tubes rack †¢ Pasteur pipette †¢ Distilled water †¢ Ionic salts †¢ NaOH †¢ SO4-2 †¢ NH4 †¢ HCl †¢ AgNO3 2. Methods There are several experiments to analyze the compounds and elements of an ionic salt [1]: †¢ Flame Test (for solid substance): for visually determine the identity of an metallic agent in the ionic salt by the different color †¢ Heating effect ( for fluid substance): heating can cause the separation of a substance included odor development and color changing. This is given by nitrate, carbonade and sulfite ions †¢ Solubility in water: Almost all of the ionic salts are soluble in water †¢ Precipitation ( for fluid substance): A precipitate will form with a certain cation/ anion an insoluble substance. Characteristic precipitate will turned out 4. Results 1. Different characteristic reaction with the cations (Na+, K+,NH4+,Mg2+,Cu2+,Ag+,Ba2+,Sr2+, Ca2+) and the anions ( Cl-, Br-, CO32-, SO42-, F-) †¢ Flame test: o Na+: light yellow flame o K+: violet flame o Cu2+: yellow-orange, darker flame than the flame of Na+ o Ba2+: green flame in the beginning, after a little while the flame is turning yellow †¢ Heating effect: NH4+ + OH- ( NH3 (g) + H2O The ammonia (g) smells cautiously and changes the color of a red litmus paper into blue †¢ Precipitation: o Cl- + AgNO3 ( AgCl (s) + NO3, ( white prec. o Br- + AgNO3 ( AgBr (s) + NO3, ( light yellow prec. ) o I- + AgNO3 ( Agl (s) + NO3, ( yellow prec. ) o Ca2+ + CO32- ( CaCO3 (s), ( white prec. ) o SO42- + BaCl2 ( BaSO4 (s) + 2Cl-, (white prec. ) o CO32- + HCl ( CO2 (g)+†¦. , ( bubbels can be seen) o Mg2+ + 2NaOH ( Mg(OH)2 (s) + Na+, (white prec. ) o Sr2+ + 2NaOH ( Sr(OH)2 (s) + Na+, (white prec. ) 2. Unknown Determination †¢ Look of the salt: o Shape: little grains o Color: white o Smell: no clear smell †¢ Kation: o Flame test: light yellow (= Na) o Control: X+ OH- ( no prec. (Kation: Na+ †¢ Anion: o X + AgNO3 ( white-brown prec. Control: Br-/ I- + AgNO3 ( yellow prec. ( = I- / Br-) o 1. X + SO42- ( no visually reaction o 2. X + SO42- ( CO2 (g) production ( bubbles visual) o X + HCl ( CO2 (g) production ( bubbles visual) ( Anion: CO32- The unknown salt is Na2CO3 5. Discussion The cation Na+ was easy to figure out because of its unmistakable color of the flame by holding into the Bunsen burner flame. It was more difficult to get to know the anion. The experiment with silvernitrat could be leading to a wrong conclusion. In the table [1] is written that there is no reaction ( precipitation) in the experiment with AgNO3 and CO32-. It could be that the test tube wasn’t clean and there was still some undesirable rest of another element or compound. Even a single grain of I- could cause a precipitation. Another problem to find the right anion was that the amount of our unknown salt was too low in our testing solution with acid sulfur. So there was no visual reaction with our unknown solution. But the second time with a higher amount of unknown salt in our testing solution there was a CO2 development. To be sure that this experiment is positive the experiment was repeated with HCl. There was the CO2 development good visible. Thus in the end the anion CO32- was proved. 6. Conclusion To do the right analyses it is very important not to trust a single experiment. Controls are very important to get the right elements and compounds. Also it’s very important to check wheather the equipment is clean. Any single rest of an undesired substance can imitate the result. But these are good experiments to get to known unknown elements and compounds of an ionic salt. 7. References [1] Handout: Medical Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Analytic Chemistry Laboratory, Winter Semester 2011 [2]J. E. Brandy, F. A. Sense, N. D. Jespersen, Chemistry. The Study of Matters and Its changes, International Edition, 5. Edition 2008 How to cite Qualitative Analysis, Essay examples Qualitative Analysis Free Essays Qualitative Analysis 1. Abstract Qualitative Analysis helps to analysis the ionic compounds ( cations and anions) which are presented in a salt (solid and in a solution). The experimental procedures show the identity of the substance but not the amount of the present agents. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualitative Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. Introduction The construction of ionic salt is based on a certain cation and a certain anion. To get to know the two different agents of the salt, the anions and cations has to be separated. For the separation the ionic salt has to be destroyed by chemical reaction to get the single elements and compounds. A physical reaction can only change the conditions of the salt ( solid or fluid) but not the structure of the educt. Every element and compound has characteristic reactions where the identity can be figured out by analyzing the out coming educt by its color, its odor, its precipitation and its solubility. The following experiment is separated in two parts. In the first part of the experiment, it has to be shown the different characteristic reaction with the cations (Na+, K+,NH4+,Mg2+,Cu2+,Ag+,Ba2+,Sr2+) and the anions ( Cl-, Br-, CO32-, SO42-, F-). In the following part there was an unknown ionic salt to analyze which is built out of one cation and one anion from above. 3. Materials and Methods 1. Materials †¢ Test tubes †¢ Bunsen Burner †¢ Test tubes rack †¢ Pasteur pipette †¢ Distilled water †¢ Ionic salts †¢ NaOH †¢ SO4-2 †¢ NH4 †¢ HCl †¢ AgNO3 2. Methods There are several experiments to analyze the compounds and elements of an ionic salt [1]: †¢ Flame Test (for solid substance): for visually determine the identity of an metallic agent in the ionic salt by the different color †¢ Heating effect ( for fluid substance): heating can cause the separation of a substance included odor development and color changing. This is given by nitrate, carbonade and sulfite ions †¢ Solubility in water: Almost all of the ionic salts are soluble in water †¢ Precipitation ( for fluid substance): A precipitate will form with a certain cation/ anion an insoluble substance. Characteristic precipitate will turned out 4. Results 1. Different characteristic reaction with the cations (Na+, K+,NH4+,Mg2+,Cu2+,Ag+,Ba2+,Sr2+, Ca2+) and the anions ( Cl-, Br-, CO32-, SO42-, F-) †¢ Flame test: o Na+: light yellow flame o K+: violet flame o Cu2+: yellow-orange, darker flame than the flame of Na+ o Ba2+: green flame in the beginning, after a little while the flame is turning yellow †¢ Heating effect: NH4+ + OH- ( NH3 (g) + H2O The ammonia (g) smells cautiously and changes the color of a red litmus paper into blue †¢ Precipitation: o Cl- + AgNO3 ( AgCl (s) + NO3, ( white prec. o Br- + AgNO3 ( AgBr (s) + NO3, ( light yellow prec. ) o I- + AgNO3 ( Agl (s) + NO3, ( yellow prec. ) o Ca2+ + CO32- ( CaCO3 (s), ( white prec. ) o SO42- + BaCl2 ( BaSO4 (s) + 2Cl-, (white prec. ) o CO32- + HCl ( CO2 (g)+†¦. , ( bubbels can be seen) o Mg2+ + 2NaOH ( Mg(OH)2 (s) + Na+, (white prec. ) o Sr2+ + 2NaOH ( Sr(OH)2 (s) + Na+, (white prec. ) 2. Unknown Determination †¢ Look of the salt: o Shape: little grains o Color: white o Smell: no clear smell †¢ Kation: o Flame test: light yellow (= Na) o Control: X+ OH- ( no prec. (Kation: Na+ †¢ Anion: o X + AgNO3 ( white-brown prec. Control: Br-/ I- + AgNO3 ( yellow prec. ( = I- / Br-) o 1. X + SO42- ( no visually reaction o 2. X + SO42- ( CO2 (g) production ( bubbles visual) o X + HCl ( CO2 (g) production ( bubbles visual) ( Anion: CO32- The unknown salt is Na2CO3 5. Discussion The cation Na+ was easy to figure out because of its unmistakable color of the flame by holding into the Bunsen burner flame. It was more difficult to get to know the anion. The experiment with silvernitrat could be leading to a wrong conclusion. In the table [1] is written that there is no reaction ( precipitation) in the experiment with AgNO3 and CO32-. It could be that the test tube wasn’t clean and there was still some undesirable rest of another element or compound. Even a single grain of I- could cause a precipitation. Another problem to find the right anion was that the amount of our unknown salt was too low in our testing solution with acid sulfur. So there was no visual reaction with our unknown solution. But the second time with a higher amount of unknown salt in our testing solution there was a CO2 development. To be sure that this experiment is positive the experiment was repeated with HCl. There was the CO2 development good visible. Thus in the end the anion CO32- was proved. 6. Conclusion To do the right analyses it is very important not to trust a single experiment. Controls are very important to get the right elements and compounds. Also it’s very important to check wheather the equipment is clean. Any single rest of an undesired substance can imitate the result. But these are good experiments to get to known unknown elements and compounds of an ionic salt. 7. References [1] Handout: Medical Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Analytic Chemistry Laboratory, Winter Semester 2011 [2]J. E. Brandy, F. A. Sense, N. D. Jespersen, Chemistry. The Study of Matters and Its changes, International Edition, 5. Edition 2008 How to cite Qualitative Analysis, Papers